Analisis Kerentanan Longsoran Menggunakan Proses Hirarki Analitik di Daerah Sukatani dan Sekitarnya, Kabupaten Purwakarta, Jawa Barat Landslide Susceptibility Analysis Using Analytic Hierarchy Process In Sukatani And Its Surroundings, Purwakarta Regency, West Java

Misbahudin Misbahudin, Abdullah Husna, Rusdi Toriq, Agus Marwantho

Abstract


ABSTRAK
Daerah penelitian terletak di wilayah Sukatani dan sekitarnya, Kabupaten Purwakarta, Jawa Barat. Daerah tersebut memiliki kondisi geomorfologi yang berbukit-bukit akibat pengaruh produk vulkanik berupa lahar, aliran piroklastika, dan intrusi. Pada daerah tersebut terdapat laporan mengenai longsoran yang terjadi di beberapa lokasi dekat tempat tinggal penduduk. Atas dasar tersebut, peta kerentanan longsoran dibuat untuk memberikan informasi mengenai persebaran tingkat kerentanan longsoran pada daerah penelitian. Peta yang digunakan sebagai dasar pembuatan adalah peta sebaran litologi, struktur geologi, kemiringan lereng, relief relatif, kebasahan lahan, dan tutupan lahan. Parameter tersebut dikelaskan berdasarkan faktor evaluasi bahaya longsoran. Tingkat kerentanan terhadap longsoran diperoleh dengan metode proses hirarki analitik dan pengujian rasio konsistensi. Tahapan penggabungan peta menggunakan cara tumpang susun. Secara umum, peta kerentanan longsoran yang telah dibuat menunjukkan korelasi yang baik sesuai dengan kondisi di lapangan. Tingkat kerentanan sangat rendah meliputi 43% daerah penelitian, tingkat kerentanan rendah meliputi 40,5% daerah penelitian, tingkat kerentanan sedang meliputi 14,5% daerah penelitian, dan tingkat kerentanan tinggi meliputi 2% daerah penelitian. Kemiringan lereng adalah kontrol utama faktor-faktor penyebab longsoran di daerah penelitian. Zona kerentanan menengah hingga tinggi umumnya berada pada lereng terjal dengan material berupa breksi piroklastika.
Kata kunci: Kerentanan longsoran, proses hirarki analitik, Purwakarta, Sukatani

ABSTRACT
The researched area is located in Sukatani and surrounding areas, Purwakarta, West Java. The area has a hilly geomorphological condition due to the influence of volcanic products in the form of lava, pyroclastic flows, and intrusion. In that area there are reports of landslide that occurred at several locations near residences. On that basis, a landslide susceptibility map was made to provide information about the distribution of susceptibility level of landslides in the researched area. Maps which are used as the basis are maps of lithology, structural geology, slope, relative relief, soil wetness, and land cover. Those parameters are classified based on the landslide hazard evaluation factors. Landslide susceptibility index was obtained by using the method of analytic hierarchy process and by testing the consistency ratio. Stages for merging maps used the overlaying method. In general, a landslide susceptibility map
that has been made shows a good agreement with conditions in the field. The level of very low susceptibility covered 43% of the studied area, the low level covered 40.5%, the medium level covered 14.5%, and the high level included
2% of the researched area. A slope is the main control of factors that cause landslides. Medium to high susceptibility zones are generally on steep slopes with pyroclastic breccia materials.
Keywords: Analytic Hierarchy Process, landslide susceptibility, Purwakarta, Sukatani


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.34126/jlbg.v8i1.167

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