Jejak tsunami 25 Oktober 2010 di Kepulauan Mentawai berdasarkan penelitian kebumian dan wawancara
Abstract
SARI
Tsunami Mentawai yang terjadi pada 25 Oktober 2010 adalah kategori tsunami earthquake. Ciri dari kategori ini, antara lain guncangan gempa bumi terasa lemah tetapi berlangsung lama (~ 3 menit) dan menghasilkan tsunami cukup besar. Parameter tsunami yang terukur di lapangan, diketahui bahwa ketinggian run up maksimum 12,4 m di Pulau Sibigou, jarak genangan maksimum 450 m di Dusun Malakopa, kedalaman batimetri dekat pantai 2-15 m, dan ketebalan endapan pasir tsunami mencapai 12
cm di Teluk Makaroni. Berdasarkan keterangan dari saksi mata, sebelum tsunami berlangsung indikasinya adalah suara gemuruh dari arah laut dan perilaku burung camar yang mengeluarkan suara yang gaduh. Gelombang tsunami tiba di pantai 5-10 menit setelah guncangan gempa bumi sebanyak 3 sampai 4 kali gelombang. Gelombang yang kedua dianggap paling tinggi.
Kata kunci: gempa bumi, Tsunami Mentawai, ketinggian run up, jarak genangan
ABSRACT
Tsunami Mentawai of 25 October 2010 is take in to tsunami earthquake catagory, which has weak shaking and slow duration (~ 3 minutes), but produce big tsunami. Tsunami parameter measurement obtained the maximum run up of 12.4 meters at Sibigou Island, maximum inundation of 450 meters at Malakopa Village, near coast bathymetry of 2-15 meters and tsunami sand deposits up to 12 cm at Makaroni Bay. According to the eyewitnesses, there are some precursors such as roaring sound from the sea and bird noisy sounds heard before the tsunami came. Tsunami arrived 5-10 minutes after earthquake, come inland about 3 to 4 times and the second wave was the highest.
Keywords: earthquake, Tsunami Mentawai, run up, inundation
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PDFDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.34126/jlbg.v1i3.19
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