Studi morfostruktur dan paleoseismik sesar Way Baka di daerah Bakauheni, Lampung Selatan
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Studi morfostruktur dan paleoseismik sesar Way Baka merupakan upaya untuk mengetahui potensi bencana gempa bumi akibat sesar aktif di daerah Bakauheni dan sekitarnya. Keberadaan sesar di daerah ini telah ditelusuri melalui analisis citra satelit DEM SRTM (Digital Elevation Model Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) dan penelitian langsung di lapangan. Analisis kinematika struktur geologi menunjukkan bahwa sesar Way Baka merupakan sesar mendatar mengiri dengan arah jurus dan kemiringan U 185o T/ 74o dengan arah gaya utama U165oT. Morfostruktur sepanjang lajur sesar ini memiliki rasio lebar terhadap tinggi lembah dengan indeks Vf = 1,54 – 3,75 (rendah – tinggi) yang mencerminkan proses pengangkatan tinggi hingga sedang. Karakter morfostruktur lainnya adalah sinusitas muka pegunungan dengan indeks Smf = 1 - 1,5 (rendah). Kedua analisis morfostruktur ini menunjukkan telah terjadi deformasi tegak secara langsung yang berkaitan erat dengan tektonik aktif di sepanjang lajur sesar Way Baka. Studi paleoseismik di sepanjang lajur sesar Way Baka menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan tektonik telah berlangsung sejak ± 3 juta tahun yang lalu, atau pada periode tektonik Plio-Plistosen. Dengan demikian sesar Way Baka adalah sesar potensial aktif.
Kata kunci: morfostruktur, paleoseismik, sesar aktif
ABSTRACT
Morphostructure and paleoseismic study of Way Baka Fault is an attempt to determine the earthquake potential especially earthquake caused by active fault in Bakauheni and surrounding area. The presence of fault in this area has been traced through the analysis of satellite imagery SRTM DEM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission Digital Elevation Model) and research in the field. Kinematic analysis of the geological structure indicates that the Way Baka fault is a sinistral strike-slip fault oriented in N 185o E trend with NE dipping of 74o of which N 165o E bearing is the mean stress. Morphostructure along this fault lane has Vf (valley floor and valley width ratio) value = 1.54 - 3.75 (low – high) which reflects a high to moderate uplift process. Another morphostructure character is Smf (mountain front sinuosity) with value index = 1 – 1.5 (low) both of morphostructure analysises show there has been a direct vertical deformation occured which was closely related with an active tectonic along Way Baka Fault. Paleoseismic study along this fault lane indicates that tectonic activity has been occurred after ± 3 million years ago (during Plio- Pleistocene terctonic period). Therefore Way Baka Fault can be classified as a potential active fault.
Keywords: morphostructure, paleoseismic, active fault
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PDFDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.34126/jlbg.v4i1.47
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