Kendali Struktur Geologi Terhadap Keterdapatan Air Tanah Kars di Pulau Sumba Bagian Barat
Abstract
Penelitian ini merupakan identifikasi awal terhadap air tanah kars Pulau Sumba bagian barat berdasarkan analisis sistem sesar dan rekahan serta analisis keterdapatan dan besaran debit mata air kars. Hasil penelitian menemukan 23 mata air kars dengan debit maksimum ±1300 l/det. Keterdapatan mata air kars terutama dikontrol oleh struktur geologi baik berupa sesar, sistem rekahan, maupun kontak batuan yang berbeda. Berdasarkan atas analisis pola kelurusan morfologi terlihat bahwa air tanah pada Satuan Perbukitan Kars memiliki pola aliran baratlaut-tenggara hingga utara-selatan, kemudian terluahkan pada Satuan Plato Kars karena kontrol rekahan dan sesar normal yang berarah relatif barat-timur. Berdasarkan karakter keterdapatan mata air, diduga sesar tersebut bertindak sebagai penghubung antara unit hidrostratigrafi pada Satuan Perbukitan Kars dengan Satuan Dataran Kars. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa sistem hidrogeologi kars utama di daerah penelitian merupakan integrasi antara air tanah yang berasal dari Satuan Perbukitan Kars dengan air tanah yang dilepaskan pada Satuan Plato Kars di daerah Waekabubak dan sekitarnya.
Kata kunci : air tanah, kelurusan, mata air kars, sesar, Sumba Barat
ABSTRACT
This study was preliminary identification of karstic groundwater in the western part of Sumba Island based on fault and fracture system analysis as well as the karst springs occurrence and magnitude analysis. The study found 23 karst springs with the maximum discharge ± 1300 l/sec. Karst springs occurrence was controlled by the geological structure in the form of fault, fracture system, and lithological boundaries. Based on lineament pattern analysis shown that groundwater in Karst Hills have flow patterns of northwest-southeast to north-south, then discharged on Plato Karst that was controlled by fracture and normal faults system relatively east-west trending. Based on the character of karst springs occurrence, the fault was supposed as a conductor between the hydrostratigraphy unit of Karst Hills and Plato Karst. It shown that the main karst hydrogeological system in the study area is the integration between groundwater from Karst Hills and discharging on Plato Karst of Waekabubak and the surrounding area.
Keyword : groundwate, lineament, karst spring, fault, West Sumba
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PDFDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.34126/jlbg.v6i2.78
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