Kontrol Morfotektonik Terhadap Gerakan Tanah di Daerah Malalak, Sumatra Barat
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) untuk mengidentifikasi tingkat aktivitas tektonik DAS (Daerah Aliran Sungai) Manggur Gadang berdasarkan analisis morfometri yang berupa rasio perbandingan lebar dasar lembah dengan tinggi lembah (Vfw), indeks gradien sungai (SL), asimetri sungai (AF), sinusitas muka gunung (Smf) dan kerapatan sungai (dd).(2) untuk mengetahui hubungan kekar dengan segmen sungai, dan (3) untuk mengetahui hubungan longsor yang disebabkan oleh peristiwa gempa bumi dengan aktivitas tektonik. Aspek-aspek geomorfik seperti dimensi dan bentuk DAS dianalisis menggunakan morfometri untuk mengidentifikasi keaktifan tektonik wilayah penelitian. Azimuth segmen sungai dan struktur geologi berupa data kekar dan kelurusan azimuth mahkota longsor yang terjadi di lokasi penelitian dikumpulkan sebagai sampel yang selanjutnya dilakukan uji statistik untuk mengetahui hubungan antarvariabel tersebut.Hasil uji statistik yang dilakukan pada variabel diatas menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara segmen sungai dengan kekar dan azimuth mahkota longsor yang terjadi. Analisis morfometri juga menunjukkan adanya aktivitas tektonik dengan tingkat yang paling tinggi berada pada DAS Manggur Kecil, sedang pada DAS Manggur Gadang, dan rendah pada DAS Naras. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diatas diketahui bahwa wilayah penelitian memiliki tingkat aktivitas tektonik aktif.
Kata kunci: aktivitas tektonik, longsor, morfometri
ABSTRACT
This study aims(1)toidentify the level of tectonic activity based on morphometry analysis; ratio of valley floor width to valley height ( Vfw ), stream gradient index ( SL ), asymmetry factors ( AF ), sinuosity of mountain front ( Smf ), drainage density ( Dd). (2) to know the relation between rock joint with river segments, and (3)to determine the relation of landslides caused by earthquakes with tectonic activity. Geomorphic aspects such as the dimensions and shape of the watershed were analyzed by using morphometry to identify the tectonic activity level of the studied area. The river segment azimuths and geological structures such as joint and azimuth of crown landslide lineament that occurred at the studied site were collected as a sample of whichthen statistical tests were performedto determine the relation between these variables.The results of the statistical test that were performed on the variables above show that there is a relation between the river segment with joint and landslide crown azimuth that occurred. Morphometric analysis also shows the presence of tectonic activity with the highest levels on the watershed of ManggurKecil, medium on the watershed of Manggur Gadang, and low on the watershed of Naras. Based on the results of study above it is known that the studied area has an active tectonic activity level.
Keywords : tectonic activity, landslide,morphometry
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PDFDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.34126/jlbg.v6i3.86
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